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Mathematics-Online lexicon:

Rounding


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Standard rounding approximates a real number $ x$ with the nearest even floating point number R$ x$. If $ \vert x\vert$ lies within the admissible floating point range, then

   R$\displaystyle x - x = \delta x,\quad
\vert\delta\vert \le$   eps$\displaystyle = \beta^{1-p}/2,
$

where $ \beta$ is the base and $ p$ the number of digits of the floating point representation. The constant eps is called the machine precision and equals

$\displaystyle 2^{1-53}/2=2^{-53}
$

for double precision.

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  automatically generated 3/ 8/2007